Python Interview Questions for Freshers pdf

Are you a fresher preparing for a Python developer job?

Python continues to be one of the most sought-after programming languages in the industry. With applications in web development, automation, data science, AI, and more — companies actively hire Python freshers who have a strong grasp of basics and practical coding ability.

In this comprehensive 3000+ word guide, we cover the most commonly asked Python Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers, designed to help you confidently face technical rounds.

📌 Table of Contents

Python Basics
Data Types and Variables
Operators
Control Flow
Functions
Python Data Structures
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
File Handling
Exception Handling
Modules and Packages
Python Standard Libraries
Coding Questions
Tips for Python Interviews

1. Python Basics

Q1. What is Python?
Python is a high-level, interpreted, general-purpose programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It supports multiple programming paradigms like procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.

Q2. What are the key features of Python?

Easy to learn and use
Interpreted and dynamically typed
High-level language
Extensive standard library
Large community support

Q3. What are the applications of Python?

Web development (Django, Flask)
Data science and machine learning
Automation and scripting
Desktop application development
Game development

2. Data Types and Variables

Q4. What are Python’s standard data types?

Numeric: int, float, complex
Sequence: str, list, tuple
Set: set, frozenset
Mapping: dict
Boolean: bool
NoneType: None

Q5. How do you assign values to variables?

x = 10
y = "Python"
z = 3.14

Q6. What is dynamic typing in Python?
In Python, you don’t need to declare the data type of a variable. The interpreter automatically detects it at runtime.

3. Operators

Q7. What are different types of operators in Python?

Arithmetic (+, -, *, /, %, **, //)
Comparison (==, !=, >, <, >=, <=)
Logical (and, or, not)
Bitwise (&, |, ^, ~, <<, >>)
Assignment (=, +=, -=, etc.)
Identity (is, is not)
Membership (in, not in)

4. Control Flow

Q8. How do you write conditional statements in Python?

if condition:
    # code
elif another_condition:
    # code
else:
    # code

Q9. How do loops work in Python?

for loop: Iterate over a sequence
while loop: Execute while condition is true

Q10. What is the use of break, continue, and pass?

break: Exit the loop
continue: Skip current iteration
pass: Do nothing (placeholder)

5. Functions

Q11. What is a function in Python?
A function is a block of code that performs a specific task and can be reused.

Q12. How do you define a function?

def greet(name):
    print(f"Hello, {name}!")

**Q13. What are *args and kwargs?

*args: Pass a variable number of non-keyword arguments
**kwargs: Pass a variable number of keyword arguments

6. Python Data Structures

Q14. What is the difference between list and tuple?

List: Mutable, defined using []
Tuple: Immutable, defined using ()

Q15. What is a dictionary in Python?
A dictionary is an unordered collection of key-value pairs.

d = {"name": "John", "age": 25}

Q16. How is a set different from a list?

Set: Unordered, unique elements, defined using {}
List: Ordered, allows duplicates

7. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Q17. What is OOP in Python?
Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm where concepts are modeled as “objects”.

Q18. What are the 4 pillars of OOP?

Encapsulation
Abstraction
Inheritance
Polymorphism

Q19. How do you define a class and object in Python?

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

p = Person("Alice")

8. File Handling

Q20. How do you open a file in Python?

f = open("file.txt", "r")  # modes: r, w, a, b

Q21. How do you read and write to a file?

f.write("Hello")
data = f.read()

Q22. What is the use of with statement?
It ensures the file is closed automatically after the block ends.

with open("file.txt", "r") as f:
    data = f.read()

9. Exception Handling

Q23. What is exception handling?
It is a way to handle runtime errors using try, except, finally, and raise.

Q24. Give an example of exception handling.

try:
    x = 1 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Cannot divide by zero")
finally:
    print("Execution completed")

10. Modules and Packages

Q25. What is a module in Python?
A module is a file containing Python code that can be imported.

import math
print(math.sqrt(16))

Q26. What is a package?
A collection of Python modules in directories with an __init__.py file.

11. Python Standard Libraries

Q27. Name some important Python libraries.

math
datetime
os
random
json
re
sys

Q28. How do you generate a random number in Python?

import random
print(random.randint(1, 10))

12. Coding Questions for Freshers

Q29. Write a program to check if a number is prime.
Q30. Write a function to reverse a string.
Q31. Implement a factorial function.
Q32. Write a program to count vowels in a string.
Q33. Write code to find the largest element in a list.
Q34. Sort a list without using sort() method.
Q35. Check for a palindrome string.

13. Tips to Crack Python Interviews

Focus on syntax, indentation, and PEP8 guidelines
Practice coding on platforms like LeetCode, HackerRank, Codeforces
Revise core concepts and logic building
Be ready to explain your approach clearly
Show interest in learning frameworks like Flask or Django

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Conclusion

Mastering Python fundamentals is the first step toward becoming a great software developer. As a fresher, focus on writing clean code, understanding logic, and practicing real-world problems. With consistent effort, you can confidently crack any Python interview and kickstart a rewarding programming career.

Keep practicing, keep building — and let Python power your future! 🚀